Although courts typically give broad latitude to legislative initiatives concerning economic regulation, New Orleans v. The Church claims the City's rationale for treating churches differently from other non-commercial entities should be subject to strict scrutiny. Small animal clinics, excluding establishments with outside runs and non-patient overnight boarding. Automobile service stations and motor vehicle repair and wash.Д. Accessory uses incidental to the foregoing principal uses such as off-street parking and loading areas, signs, storage of merchandise, and wholesaling, when incidental to a permitted use.ДЄ. Apartments provided they are located above the first floor level.ДЇ. Public and semi-public buildings such as post office, fire station and City Hall.Д.

(7) Lodging services such as hotel and motel.Д«. (6) Entertainment and amusement services, such as motion picture theatre and bowling alley. (5) Repair services such as jewelry and radio and television repair shops, but not auto repair. (4) Finance, insurance and real estate services. (3) Offices: Administrative, executive, professional, medical and research, without merchandising services. (2) Personal services such as laundry, barber, shoe repair shop and photography studio. (1) Retail establishments such as grocery, hardware, drug, clothing and furniture stores, eating and drinking places, and franchised auto dealers. Commercial establishments including, but not limited to, the following: The intent of this Chapter in establishing a community-regional commerce district is in recognition of the existing downtown commercial development and of the need for its future expansions, rehabilitation and redevelopment.ДЄ. The relevant part of the zoning ordinance reads as follows: The City's statement of objectives, along with available review procedures, sufficiently constrains the city planner's discretion. The resulting gap in the ordinance has been interpreted by the city planner in light of the overall objectives for the C-3 zone. No legislative body developing a zoning plan could be expected to envision every potential land-use, and it is quite plausible that the Council did not foresee the possibility that a church would seek to locate in a storefront in the central business district. The City Council has established the zoning policy and objectives for each zone and has enumerated a comprehensive list of permitted uses in the C-3 zone. In the present case the City Council has made the basic policy decisions and has essentially left only the mechanics to the city planner. The second concern articulated in Grayned was that a vague law 'impermissibly delegates basic policy matters to policemen, judges, and juries for resolution on an ad hoc and subjective basis, with the attendant dangers of arbitrary and discriminatory application.' Id. The Court analyzed the Renton ordinance as a time, place, and manner restriction. In Renton, the zoning ordinance restricted the location of adult theatres-a content-based restriction-but the City justified its ordinance by asserting that it was concerned only with the secondary effects adult theatres have on the surrounding neighborhood. Community for Creative Non-Violence, 468 U.S. 'Government regulation of expressive activity is content neutral so long as it is 'justified without reference to the content of the regulated speech.' ' Ward, 491 U.S.

2d 333 (1988), however, make clear that a restriction of speech should be analyzed as content-based only if the asserted justification for the restriction is content-based. The Supreme Court's decisions in Renton and Boos v.

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